Disorders
In the Anxiety Research and Treatment clinic, we treat people that
are primarily experiencing symptoms of any of the following anxiety
disorders:
- Social Anxiety
- Social anxiety is concerned with excessive fear of being negatively
evaluated by others. People with social anxiety feel they will be
humiliated or embarrassed in many different situations. The experience
of social anxiety is commonly described as having physiological
components (e.g. sweating, blushing, trembling, and feeling nauseous)
and cognitive components (e.g. belief that one may be judged
negatively; looking for signs of disapproval). This fear leads the
person with social anxiety to avoid situations in which their actions
may be observed. Some of the more common anxiety provoking situations
include: public speaking, dating or speaking with new people, eating in
front of others, and being in a group of people
- Panic Disorder
- A panic attack is an intense fear reaction (also called the fight
of flight response) that is not in line with the true danger of the
situation (it is a false alarm). The intense fear response is a natural
way to react when one is exposed to extreme danger. It can include
several of the following symptoms: shortness of breath, dizziness,
feeling faint, racing heart, trembling or shaking, sweating, choking
sensations, nausea, feelings of being detached or of things seeming
unreal, numbness or tingling sensations, hot flashes or cold chills,
chest pain or discomfort, fears of going crazy, fears of losing
control, and fears of dying. For some people, the fear of having panic
attacks can lead to panic disorder. That is, the intense fear and worry
about having a panic attack can lead to changes in one's lifestyle. For
some people, worry about the return of panic often leads to the
avoidance of situations in which help may not be available or from
which escape is difficult.
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
- Obsessive compulsive disorder is primarily characterized by
obsessions and/or compulsions. Obsessions are repetitive thoughts,
impulses or images that are anxiety provoking. They occur against one's
will, are intrusive and persistent. One example of a compulsion is that
objects or other people might be "contaminated" by contact. Another
type of obsession focus on fears and doubts that doors have been left
unlocked, appliances have been left on, important materials have been
thrown away, and so forth. Other obsessions take the form of unwanted
urges or impulses to do something harmful. Some people experience
horrific or upsetting images having to do with religious figures. For
people with OCD, the fear or other unpleasant emotions are out of
proportion to the actual risk. Thus, they can carry out compulsions to
rid themselves of the worry. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or
mental rituals that the person feels forced or compelled into doing, in
order to relieve anxiety. Examples of compulsions include hand-washing,
showering, or cleaning to remove "contamination"; checking to prevent
feared dangers such as fire or loss of important materials; repeating
actions or thoughts to prevent a catastrophic event from happening;
having to arrange objects in a particular way; needing repeated
reassurance from others that a feared event has not or cannot happen;
or repeating phrases or images in one's mind to prevent a catastrophe.
- Excessive Worry (Generalized Anxiety Disorder)
- Normal worry is common, but for people with excessive worry
(Generalized Anxiety Disorder), much of their day is spent worrying to
the point where it interferes with normal functioning. This excessive
worry can lead to symptoms such as feeling keyed-up or on edge,
restlessness, excessive muscle tension, feeling fatigued, difficulty
sleeping, difficulty concentrating, and irritability. Unlike other
anxiety disorders, GAD can arouse anxiety in almost any situation,
without a specific trigger. In fact, many people suffering from this
disorder are anxious all the time and the focus of their concerns shift
frequently.
- Specific Phobia
- Some people have exaggerated fears of certain objects or
situations. Although, they usually recognize that the fears are
excessive and irrational, the objects are still avoided. Examples of
specific phobias include animals, air travel, blood and injections,
heights, and driving. These fears are excessive and cause significant
functional impairment in a person's life
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